0401

 Mobile App and Print Materials Used by Pilots

Specifications:  An App and printed material (map and directions) used by amateur pilots to help them plan travel itinerary prior to booking landing times and to change plans mid flight.

Accessibility issues to address: visual impairment and cognitive load

Recommendations for App – visual impairment & cognitive load:

• Ensure a robust semantic structure; every element on a page should be marked-up to describe its function, purpose, role ect.
• All non-text content should have a supplementary alternative (Alt-Text). Code decorative images and animations so that they are ignored by screen reader.
• All visual presentations should have a responsive/liquid design.
• View point size of 320 css pixels wide and 256 css pixels high so there is no loss of content and scrolling must be kept to one axis only – vertically.
• Text reformatting must be able to be done without disrupting the page layout.  Accommodate the following:
  • • Font sizes increased by at least 200%.
    • Line Height set to a least 1.5 times the font size.
    • Paragraph spacing set to a least 2 times the font size.
    • Letter spacing at least .16 times the font.
• Text contrast ratio of 4:5:1 for large-scale text and 7:1 for smaller text elements.
• Leading should be between 125-15%.
• Avoid using hyphenation.
• Describe clearly where any links will lead, avoid “Click Here”.
• Code for screen readers – skip to content link on each webpage.
• Allow for user to have control over choosing foreground and background colour.
•  Use complementary colours and a minimum of 10:1 contrast ratio.
• Chunk content pieces to optimize utility to reader.
• Break up content into small sections with meaningful groupings or headings.
• Try to maintain a pyramidal hierarchical structure within a page.
• Use headings and other anchors to allow for easy navigation.
• Use a consistent and predictable page designs.
• Implement when possible an under lying grid.
• Avoid using legends and having user to cross-reference.
• Use the plainest possible language to avoid needless complexity.
• Improve the signal to noise ratio by using short meaningful text.

Recommendations for Printed Material – visual impairment & cognitive load:

• Chunk content pieces to optimize utility to reader.
• Break up content into small sections with meaningful groupings or headings.
• Try to maintain a pyramidal hierarchical structure with a page.
• Use headings and other anchors to allow for easy navigation.
• Use a consistent and predictable page designs.
• Implement when possible an under lying grid.
• Avoid using legends and having user to cross-reference.
• Use the plainest possible language to avoid needless complexity.
• Improve the signal to noise ratio by using short meaningful text.
• Use short line length when possible.
• Include a contrast ratio of text to background of at least 70%.
• Use a typeset between 12-24 pt body count.
• Letterform width.  The width of an uppercase “O” should be within 75% and 105% of the height of and uppercase “I” in the selected font (prefer APHont).
• Typeset should be anywhere between 12-24 pt body copy.
• Leading should be between 125-150% of the font size and paragraph spacing a minimum of 50% more than line spacing while column more again.
• Short line lengths are preferred.  Only implement columns if really necessary.
• Text alignment should be flush left.  Avoid centred and justified text.
• Avoid hyphenating, formatting and background images.
• Use off-white paper on a matte or uncoated finish to reduce glare and distortions.
• Chose a printing process with decreased dot.gain.